🐶 Basic Characteristics

Height: Male: 27 – 30 inches (68 – 75 cm)
Weight: 110 – 220 lbs (50 – 100 kg)

Coat: Thick double coat (can be short, medium, or long).

Colors: Gray, fawn, cream, white, tan, pied, brindle, or solid black.

Life Span: Average: 10 – 12 years

Temperament

• Protective & Fearless: Bred to guard livestock against wolves and bears.
• Loyal & Devoted: Extremely bonded to family, especially protective of children.
• Independent & Strong-willed: Not a breed for first-time dog owners.
• Territorial: Naturally wary of strangers; requires early socialization.
• Calm at Home: Despite size, can be gentle and calm indoors when exercised properly.

Health

• Hip & Elbow Dysplasia
• Heart Disease
• Obesity (if not exercised properly)
• Bloat (Gastric Dilatation-Volvulus)
• Cataracts in some lines

Care Tips

• Balanced diet (not overfeeding).
• Regular vet checkups (hips, joints, heart).
• Grooming: brushing 2–3 times per week, more in shedding season.